英语没有捷径，

就像饭要一口一口地吃，

问心无愧的功夫要一点一点地下。

本文是《英语发音专题系列》第8篇。在第7篇—《在高级西餐馆点菜当然要用最标准的发音 - 读好那些傲娇的单词们 》里，我简单介绍了三种常见的意大利食品，并做了朗读示范。其实除了食品之外，高级餐馆还有一个暴利的产品——葡萄酒。与中国的白酒不同，葡萄酒总是让人联想到萨克斯风独奏中的烛光晚餐。

而且葡萄酒的品酒以及与点餐的匹配（pair wine with food）也是别有一番学问的，正确的选择和搭配可以最大限度地激发食物和酒的味道。

众所周知，葡萄酒大类可以分为红酒（red wine）和白酒（white wine），然而每个大类下面又有不同的类型，其英文名字光怪陆离，委实让人头疼。这是因为它们大多不是英文“本地”词汇，而是从其他语言比如法语，意大利语等借用而来，所以不能简单按照英语的发音规则来发音。本文先从白酒的各类名称讲起，对它们的发音各个击破，并介绍他们各自匹配的点餐和口味。而在将来的《英语发音专题系列》第9篇里，我会朗读示范红酒的各类名称，敬请关注。

以下是今天要提到的几种白酒的英语发音及简单介绍的音频，大家可以与之后的文字说明进行对照。

1. Riesling

读作：/ˈriːzlɪŋ,ˈriːslɪŋ/

Food-wine pairing: dry versions go well with fish, chicken and pork dishes.

Typical taste: Riesling wines are much lighter than Chardonnay wines. The aromas generally include fresh apples. The Riesling variety expresses itself very differently depending on the district and the winemaking. Rieslings should taste fresh. If they do, then they might also prove tastier and tastier as they age.

中文翻译为“雷司令”，纯粹音译。Riesling葡萄主要产自德国莱茵（Rhine）地区，用这种淡色葡萄酿制的雷司令葡萄酒通常芳香四溢，发酵后能出产各种类型的葡萄酒，如起泡酒、干白葡萄酒和甜白葡萄酒等等，比较适合同鱼、鸡肉以及猪肉一起享用。

2. Gewürztraminer

读作：/ɡəˈvʊətstrəˌmiːnə/（英语）  |   /ɡəˈvyrtstraˌmiːnɐ/（德语）

Food-wine pairing: ideal for sipping and with Asian food, pork and grilled sausages.

Typical taste: fruity flavors with aromas of rose petal, peach, lychee, and allspice. A Gewürztraminer often appears not as refreshing as other kinds of dry whites.

中文翻译为“琼瑶浆”。Gewürztraminer葡萄是塔明娜（Traminer）葡萄的变种，用其酿制出的白葡萄酒非常浅酌，与亚洲食物，猪肉以及煎香肠一起享用。

3. Chardonnay

读作：/ˈʃɑːdəneɪ /

Food-wine pairing: it is a good choice for fish and chicken dishes.

Typical taste: often wider-bodied (and more velvety) than other types of dry whites, with rich citrus (lemon, grapefruit) flavors. Fermenting in new oak barrels adds a buttery tone (vanilla, toast, coconut, toffee). Tasting a USD 15 Californian Chardonnay should give citrus fruit flavors, hints of melon, vanilla, some toasty character and some creaminess.

中文翻译为“霞多丽”，chardonnay葡萄酒一般会经过橡木桶陈年，较为适合与鱼或者鸡肉搭配佐餐。

4. Sauvignon blanc

读作：/ˈsəʊvɪnjɒ̃ blɒ̃k/

Food-wine pairing: a versatile food wine for seafood, poultry, and salads.

Typical taste: generally lighter than Chardonnay — Sauvignon blanc normally shows an herbal character suggesting bell pepper or freshly mown grass. The dominating flavors range from sour green fruits of apple, pear and gooseberry through to tropical fruits of melon, mango and blackcurrant. Quality unoaked Sauvignon Blancs will display smokey qualities; they require bright aromas and a strong acid finish; they are best grown in cool climates.

中文翻译为“长相思”，是用原产自法国的同名葡萄品种酿制而成，通常带有草本植物的味道以及显著的酸味。适合与海鲜，家禽类肉以及色拉一起享用。