为什么要带孩子玩科学小实验？趣味科学小实验，不仅可以帮助孩子理解一些简单的科学现象和知识，引发孩子对科学探索的兴趣，还能提高孩子们动手、动脑的能力。
图片来源：SOOGIF
几个冬季主题的科学小实验送给大家，搭配英文操作步骤，趁着寒假，带宝贝玩起来吧！
Snowflake Salt Painting 雪花盐画
科学原理：
Salt is hygroscopic（吸湿的）. Hygroscopic means that it absorbs both liquid water (food coloring mixture) and water vapor in the air.
盐具有吸湿性。吸湿性意味着它吸收空气中的液态水（食用色素混合物）和水蒸气。
实验材料：
Snowflake stencils 雪花模具（公众号回复模具即可领取）
Glue 胶
Salt 盐
Blue food coloring 蓝色食用色素
Water 水
Pipette 吸管
Print out the snowflake stencils. Use the glue to draw over the snowflakes, making sure to do each small arm of the snowflake.
打印出雪花模版。沿着雪花的图案涂抹胶水，确保雪花的每个分叉上都涂上胶水。
Put a good amount of salt onto the glue and then carefully pour the excess salt off.Let the glue and salt painting dry.
在胶水上撒上大量的盐，然后小心地倒掉多余的盐 。静置晾干。
Mix a few tablespoons of water with blue food coloring.The more food coloring you use the darker your “paint” will appear.
将几汤匙水与蓝色食用色素混合。食用色素越多，你的作品颜色就会越深。
Use a pipette to slowly drip the coloring onto the salt painted snowflakes. Try not to drench the patterns but rather watch the salt soak up one droplet of color at a time.Notice how the water is absorbed and moves throughout the pattern.
用吸管将颜料缓慢滴到涂有盐的雪花上，尽量不要浸透图案，而是看着盐一滴一滴地吸收颜料。注意观察水是如何被吸收并在整个图案中蔓延开来的。
You can also add other colors if you wish and mix the colors on each snowflake for a pretty affect.Let your snowflakes dry overnight!
你还可以添加其他颜色，混合各种颜色让雪花变得更漂亮。然后放置一夜让雪花晾干。
Snow Volcano 雪火山
科学原理：
When you make a snow volcano, you are mixing an acid (the vinegar) and a base (baking soda) which then produces a gas called carbon dioxide.
制作雪火山的过程，其实是酸（醋）和碱（小苏打）混合，产生了二氧化碳，大量二氧化碳冲出水面，就出现了类似火山喷发的情景啦！
实验材料：
Snow 雪
Baking soda 小苏打
Warm water 温水
Dish soap 洗洁精
Vinegar 醋
Red food coloring 红色食用色素
Tall cup 杯子（要高一点）
In a tall cup, add 1 tablespoon of dish soap, fill halfway with baking soda and mix in 1/4 cup of warm water.
在杯子中加入1汤匙洗洁精，在中间放入小苏打，然后混入1/4杯温水。
You can add several drops of red food coloring in the cup (the more food coloring the darker the lava). Of course you can experiment with your own colors too.
在杯子中添加几滴红色食用色素（色素越多，熔岩颜色越深）。当然，您也可以使用其他自选的颜色哦。
Place the cup in the snow and build a snow volcano around the cup. You want to pack the snow right up to the cup and make sure you can’t see the cup. Just make sure to leave a hole in the top for the lava to come out.
将杯子放在雪中，并在杯子周围做出一个雪火山。将雪堆满杯子周围，直到你看不到杯子，但是一定要在顶部留个洞，好让熔岩出来。
You can now have the kids pour the vinegar in the top of the volcano and watch it erupt (the more vinegar the bigger the eruption).
现在您就可以让孩子将醋倒入火山啦，然后就等待火山爆发吧（醋越多，火山爆发越强烈）。
Ice Fishing 钓冰块
科学原理：
Why does everyone use salt to melt ice?Adding salt to ice will lower the ice’s melting point. Salt causes a physical change by altering the properties and temperature of the ice cube.
为什么大家都用盐融化冰块？在冰上加盐会降低冰的熔点。盐会通过改变冰块的性质和温度引起物理变化。
However, if the surrounding temperature is still freezing, the ice will re-freeze (reversible change) and freeze the string along with it.
但是，如果周围温度仍在冻结，则冰将重新冻结（可逆变化），于是细线就一起冻在了冰块上。
实验材料：
Ice Cubes 冰块
Glass of Water 一杯水
Salt 盐
String or Twine 线或麻绳
Food Coloring (optional) 食用色素（可选）
Add half a dozen or so ice cubes to a cup and fill with water.Lay the string over an ice cube.
杯子里放六块左右的冰块，并加满水。然后将绳子放在冰块上。
Sprinkle salt over the string and ice. Wait 30-60 seconds.
将盐撒在细绳和冰上，等待30-60秒。
Gently pull the string. The ice should come along with it!
然后轻轻拉动细绳，冰块就跟着被“钓”起来啦！
There’s a couple of things to keep in the back of your mind when you are doing this ice fishing winter science activity.
做这个钓冰块活动时，需要记住两件事。
First, the length of time the string sits on the ice can make a difference.
首先，绳子在冰上停留的时间会影响实验效果。
Second, the amount of salt used can affect the melting of the ice. Too much salt and the ice will melt to fast. Or too little time on the ice, the string won’t have time to freeze to the cube!
其次，盐的用量会影响冰的融化（速度）。盐分过多，冰会融化很快。在冰上停留的时间太短，绳子就来不及冻结到冰块上。
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