9岁的叙利亚难民巴托尔（Batool）和她7岁的弟弟阿卜杜拉齐兹（Abdulaziz）在约旦的扎塔里难民营相互依偎。 © UNHCR/Shawkat Alharfoush
日内瓦 - 联合国难民署今日表示，全球因战争和暴力而被迫流离失所的人数仍处于高位，在全球人道主义资金大幅削减的背景下，这一数据尤其令人难以承受。唯一的积极迹象是部分难民开始返回家乡，特别是叙利亚。
GENEVA – The number of people displaced by war, violence and persecution worldwide is untenably high, particularly as humanitarian funding evaporates, with the only bright spot being a pickup in returns, notably to Syria, UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, said today.
根据联合国难民署今日发布的年度《全球趋势报告》，截至2025年4月底，全球被迫流离失所人数已达1.221亿人，高于去年同期的1.2亿人。这一数据已连续十年逐年上升，反映出全球难民及其他流离失所问题日益严峻。苏丹、缅甸和乌克兰等地的激烈冲突仍是大规模流离失所的主要原因，而遏止战争的努力持续未见成效.
According to UNHCR’s annual Global Trends Report released today, there were 122.1 million forcibly displaced people by the end of April 2025, up from 120 million at the same time last year, representing around a decade of year-on-year increases in the number of refugees and others forced to flee their homes. The main drivers of displacement remain large conflicts like Sudan, Myanmar and Ukraine and the continued failure to stop the fighting.
联合国难民事务高级专员菲利普·格兰迪（Filippo Grandi）表示：“我们正处在一个国际关系高度动荡的时代，现代战争带来了脆弱而惨痛的局势，极端的人道苦难触目惊心。我们必须加倍努力寻求和平，并为难民和其他被迫逃离家园的人找到持久的解决之道。”
Filippo Grandi, UN High Commissioner for Refugees, said: “We are living in a time of intense volatility in international relations, with modern warfare creating a fragile, harrowing landscape marked by acute human suffering. We must redouble our efforts to search for peace and find long-lasting solutions for refugees and others forced to flee their homes.”
被迫流离失所者包括因冲突而在本国境内流离失的人，这一数字在2024年底大幅增加630万人，达7350万人；此外，被迫逃往其他国家的难民人数达4270万人。目前，苏丹已成为全球最大规模的强迫流离失所危机，相关人数达到1430万（包括难民和境内流离失所者），超过了叙利亚的1350万，其次是阿富汗（1030万）和乌克兰（880万）。
Forcibly displaced people include people displaced within their own country by conflict, which grew sharply by 6.3 million to 73.5 million at the end of 2024, and refugees fleeing their countries (42.7 million people). Sudan became the world’s largest forced displacement situation with 14.3 million refugees and internally displaced people (IDPs), replacing Syria (13.5 million), and followed by Afghanistan (10.3 million) and Ukraine (8.8 million).
报告指出，与富裕地区普遍存在的认知相反，67%的难民仍留在邻国避难，而全球73%的难民由中低收入国家接纳。事实上，60%的被迫流离失所者从未离开自己的国家。
The report found that, contrary to widespread perceptions in wealthier regions, 67 per cent of refugees stay in neighbouring countries, and with low and middle-income countries hosting 73 per cent of the world’s refugees. Indeed, 60 per cent of people forced to flee never leave their own country.
尽管被迫流离失所的人数在过去十年间几乎翻了一倍，联合国难民署目前所获得的资金却仍停留在2015年的水平，人道援助正面临严峻且持续的削减。在这种难以为继的形势下，难民及其他逃离危险的人群变得更加脆弱。
While the number of forcibly displaced people has almost doubled in the last decade, funding for UNHCR now stands at roughly the same level as in 2015 amid brutal and ongoing cuts in humanitarian aid. This situation is untenable, leaving refugees and others fleeing danger even more vulnerable.
格兰迪补充说：“即便在人道援助大幅削减的当下，我们在过去六个月仍看到一些希望的曙光。近200万叙利亚人在流离失所十余年后，终于得以返回家园。但叙利亚局势依然脆弱，人们迫切需要我们的支持来重建生活。” 2024年，共有980万名被迫流离失所者返乡，其中包括160万名难民（为20多年来的最高水平）和820万名境内流离失所者（为历史第二高）。
“Even amid the devastating cuts, we have seen some rays of hope over the last six months,” Grandi added. “Nearly two million Syrians have been able to return home after over a decade uprooted. The country remains fragile and people need our help to rebuild their lives again.” In total, 9.8 million forcibly displaced people returned home in 2024, including 1.6 million refugees (the most for more than two decades) and 8.2 million IDPs (the second highest ever).
然而，许多返乡发生在极为不利的安全环境下。例如，2024年大量阿富汗人返回本国，但返乡后面临的是艰难的生活条件。在刚果（金）、缅甸和南苏丹等国家，难民和境内流离失所者在返回家乡的此同时，又出现了新的大规模流离失所状况。
Many of these returns, however, happened in an adverse political or security climate. For example, a large number of Afghans were forced to return to Afghanistan in 2024, arriving home in desperate conditions. In countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Myanmar, and South Sudan, there were significant new forced displacements at the same time as the return of refugees and IDPs.
报告呼吁持续各方为联合国难民署的各项计划提供资金支持，这些计划旨在拯救生命、帮助难民和境内流离失所者重返家园，并加强接收社区的基础设施和社会服务。这不仅是对受援人群的支持，更是对区域与全球安全的重要投入。
The report calls for continuing funding of UNHCR programmes that save lives, assist refugees and IDPs returning home and reinforce basic infrastructure and social services in host communities, as an essential investment in regional and global security.