婚姻与生育是一个民族和国家生生不息的源泉。对于婚姻和生育的重视，自然体现在其文字中。在下面这组古汉字中，我们可以探索到古代婚姻的奥秘，以及先祖对于生育的重视。

Marriage and fertility are the source of a nation and a nation. The importance of marriage and childbearing is naturally reflected in its writing. In the following set of ancient Chinese characters, we can explore the mysteries of ancient marriage and the importance that ancestors attached to fertility.

婚 Marriage

婚：女+氏+日。Marriage ：Woman+family name+day

在中国古代，妇女成年后，必须在出嫁成婚的日子，才能够获得自己真正的姓氏，因此，成婚之日也就是获得自己最终姓氏的日子。女孩子生下来虽然姓着父亲的姓氏，但是，这个姓氏必须随着她的出嫁而改变，女子成年后与男子成婚的那天，女子可以得到夫家的姓氏，这个姓氏才是她最重要的姓氏，因此，婚姻对于一个成年女子的确是一生中最重要的事情。

In ancient China, women had to get their real family name when they were married, so the date of marriage was the day of their final surname. Although a girl was born with her father's surname, it must be changed with her marriage. On the day a woman marries with a man, a woman can get her husband's family name, which is her most important surname. Therefore, marriage is indeed the most important thing in life for an adult woman.

妇女出嫁后获得夫家的姓氏，在夫家的家谱中，妇女名字往往不出现，只有她父亲的姓氏作为她名字的代言者，比如，她父亲姓张，那么她就是丈夫的（姓）氏＋ “张氏”；父亲姓李，那么她就是丈夫的姓＋“李氏”。这充分表明在“三从四德”封建婚姻制度下妇女地位的卑微。现代社会中多数国家和地区依然还保留妻从夫姓的习俗，但是，这与封建社会那种情况有了巨大的不同，主要是男女平等的思想已经写进许多现代国家的法律中，即使妻从夫姓，但男女的权利已经基本相等。

A woman gets her husband's family name after she marries. In her family tree, the woman's first name often does not appear. Only her father's surname is taken as her first name's endorser. For example, if her father's surname is Zhang, then she is her husband's (surname) + "Zhang's"; Father's surname is Li, so she is her husband's surname + Li's. This fully shows the inferiority of women's status under the feudal marriage system of "three conformities and four virtues". Most countries and regions in modern society still retain the custom of giving their wives the surname of their husbands, but this is quite different from the situation in feudal society. The main thing is that the idea of equality between men and women has been written into the laws of many modern countries, even if the wife follows the law of the feudal society. Husband's surname, but the rights of men and women have been basically equal.

妇女出嫁后从夫姓，至今不少现代国家依然如此，欧美国家即如此，在发展中国家中，更是如此，即使在我国的台湾、香港、澳门等地区，妇女出嫁后，自己出生时的父姓氏前面必须冠上夫姓，比如，陈方安生，原来叫方安生，出嫁给陈姓丈夫后叫陈方安生；范徐丽太，原来叫徐丽太，出嫁给范姓丈夫后叫范徐丽太。

Even in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and other regions of China, even after a woman marries, many modern countries, such as Europe and the United States, are still doing so, and this is especially true in developing countries.Even in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao, and other regions of China, after a woman marries, His father's family name at birth must be his husband's surname, for example, Chen Ansheng, originally known as Fang Ansheng, married to Chen's husband after the call Chen Ansheng; Fan Hsu-li-tai, originally called Mrs Xu, was called Mrs Fan after marrying her husband.

其他国家，妇女在出嫁后甚至连父姓都不再保留，而是完全改姓夫姓，欧美国家，日本等国都是如此。僅从妻子不从夫姓这个意义上来说，中国是男女权利平等最彻底的国家。

In other countries, women do not even retain their father's family name after marriage, but change their family name completely, such as Europe and America, Japan and other countries. In the sense that the wife does not take the surname of the husband, China is the most complete country with equal rights for men and women.

“婚”字。《说文》：“妇嫁也。礼娶妇，以昏时。妇人阴也，故曰婚。从女从昏。”《新华字典》：“1、男女经过合法手续结为夫妻。2、婚姻。”

"Marriage". The ceremony marries a woman when she faints. The woman is also Yin, therefore said to marry. From female from faint. "Xinhua Dictionary": "1, men and women through legal procedures married. 2, marriage."

由“婚”字组成的词组有：结婚、新婚、已婚、婚姻、婚约、婚礼、婚变、婚娶、婚外恋、离婚等。The words "marriage" are: marriage, extramarital love, divorce, etc.

嫁 marry

嫁：女+家。Marry: a woman's family.

在中国古代，女孩子出生下来就注定是别家的人，她们在父母兄弟的家里长大，但是，父母兄弟的家不是自己最终真正的家。古代人口少，推行同姓（氏）不婚。女孩子到了成年，出嫁给别姓氏的男人后，她才能够获得自己的家。也就是说女子出嫁给男子后，女子从自己丈夫的姓氏那里获得了自己的姓氏，并且真正成了自己的家，这也就是“嫁”字的真正含意所在。

In ancient China, girls were born to someone else. They grew up in the home of their parents and brothers, but the family of their parents and brothers was not their real home. In ancient times, the population was small and the same surname (family name) was not married. When a girl reaches adulthood and marries a man with a different family name, she is able to obtain her own home. That is to say, when a woman marries a man, she gets her own family name from her husband's surname and becomes her own family, which is the real meaning of the word "marry".

新中国成立后，女子与男子获得同样的政治、经济和文化权利，也与男子一样拥有自己家庭的权利，这是与旧社会根本不同的。

After the founding of New China, women and men were granted the same political, economic and cultural rights as men, and they had the same right to their own families, which was fundamentally different from the old society.