随着生猪产业的升级，规模化养猪场逐渐成为发展趋势，其中设备是保证规模猪场高效化运作的根本和关键。对于产品，除了产品质量过硬之外，日常的维护和保养同样重要！据研究发现，定期对设备进行维护和保养，可以减少设备事故、延长设备使用寿命，保持设备的性能和精度，提高企业的生产能力和经济效益。近期，Hog Slat美国总部通风主管Austin Baker针对隧道通风系统，结合客户在使用过程中的问题反馈，推出了一份隧道通风系统故障排除指南（中英文见下文），供大家参考学习！
By Austin Baker, Ventilation director, Hog Slat Inc.
Austin Baker, Hog Slat 通风主管
I am frequently asked by farm owners to evaluate the tunnel ventilation system on an existing facility that they feel is "not performing to par." I have a simple checklist that I follow to troubleshoot these systems.
最近我时常被农场主要求评估他们现有设施的隧道通风系统，他们认为现有的系统运行不是很好。我有一份简单的检查表，我按照它对系统进行故障排除。
I start with the fans. Think of fans as air pumps. Exhausting air from the building is the primary method of removing heat. If you don't have enough pumping power heat will build up inside the facility.
首先从风机开始，把风机想象成是空气泵，通过排出舍内废气移除热量。如果泵的功率不够大，热量就会聚积在房舍内部。
I run a quick calculation of the required cubic feet per minute or cfm to check to see if the existing fans are adequate. Honestly most of the time the installed fan capacity is enough to do the job. We need to dig deeper to find out why the fans are performing up to their potential.
我快速地计算了猪舍所需要的通风量，以检查现有的风机数量是否足够。老实说，大多数情况下，安装的风机总风量都是足够的。我们需要继续深挖，找出风机不能发挥它们最大潜力的原因。
1) Are the shutters dirty? A dirty shutter can rob up to 8% of the cfm delivery as it takes extra energy to keep the vanes open. Keeping a broom at the fan end of the barn will pay for itself.
1）百叶窗是否变脏？百叶窗变脏时，风机需要耗费多余的能耗来保持叶片张开，这会引起高达8%左右的通风量损耗。在猪舍风机末端放置一个扫把并经常清理百叶窗，可以避免这样的困扰。
2) Are the belts worn? The pulley transfers motor energy to the prop. If it is slipping, the prop will not turn at its full revolutions per minute and reduced airflow results Annual belt replacement is part of a good maintenance program.
皮带是否磨损？马达通过皮带轮带动叶片转动。当皮带轮打滑时，叶片转速就会降低，从而导致风量降低。因此每年定期更换皮带是做好良好维护工作的重要内容。
3) Are the belts the correct length?
皮带长度是否合适？
4) Is the belt tension correct? Check for a stuck belt auto tensioner.
皮带的松紧度是否合适？检查皮带自动张紧器是否被卡住。
5) Are the pulleys worn? This is one of the more common culprits. Worn pulleys cause slippage and result in belts wearing faster.
皮带轮是否磨损？这是最常发生的问题之一。皮带轮磨损会引起打滑，导致皮带磨损更快。
6) Is there any "wiggle" in the shaft bearings? Bearings should be firm and tight, as unnecessary vibration will cause the entire linkage system to wear quicker.
轴承是否振动？轴承应该牢固和紧密，因为无用的振动会导致整个连轴系统磨损更快。
7) Are the bearings running hot? The heat caused by friction means they need grease or replacement.
轴承发热是否严重？如果轴承发热严重则意味着轴承需要润滑或者更换了。
8) Are the prop tension screws tight? Not a common issue but it happens.
张紧轮螺丝是否拧紧？这不是一个常见的问题但是也时有发生。
9) Are any sections of the fan cone missing? Cones increase fan output by 10%.
风机喇叭口是否有任何损坏？喇叭口的使用能够提高10%的风量。
Once I am comfortable the fans are operating at their full capacity, I next turn to the air intake, which is most commonly a tunnel curtain. A quick calculation of the total fan capacity in cfm divided by 400 will give the required opening for the system. Typically the system was designed with enough opening but is somehow being restricted. Here are some things to watch for.
在我们认为风机都正常运转的情况下，我们接下来来看进气口的情况，这是隧道通风中最常见的问题。用风机总通风量（CFM）除以400就可以快速计算所需的进气口的大小。通常来说，隧道通风系统在设计时会留有足够的进气口，但是有时候也有限制。以下是一些需要注意的事项。
1) Curtains that bunch up and block the bottom quarter or third of the opening. Curtains should be attached far enough below the inlet to allow them to gather at the bottom without restricting the opening.
卷帘布完全落下时，会占用底部四分之一或者三分之一的开口面积。因此卷帘布安装时，应保证与进气入口下方留有足够的距离，使其完全落下时不占用进气口的面积。
2) Curtain rods are catching on the curtain pockets and not allowing them to come down.
卷帘布的配重管露出，会影响卷帘布下落。
3) Not enough weight in the curtain rods to allow the curtain to open fully.
卷帘布的配重管重量不够时，会影响卷帘布无法完全打开。
The next area to look at is the cool cell system. As warmer air passes through the pads, the water is evaporated to cool the air moving into the building. As this water evaporates, it leaves behind whatever minerals, algae or dirt it contained. These deposits build up on the pads as scale limiting airflow.
接下来我们要看的是水帘系统。当热的气流穿过水帘纸时，水被蒸发，空气被冷却，从而为猪舍降温。水蒸发后，水里的矿物质、海藻或污垢会遗留。而这些沉淀物大量堆积在水帘纸内，同样会限制气流。
The most impactful ways to reduce scale is to drain the trough entirely and fill with fresh water once a week during hot weather. This blast of clean water helps flush scale from the pads.
夏季最有效的减少沉淀物的方法是每隔一周将水槽里的水全部抽干然后注入清水。清水的注入有利于水帘纸上的沉淀物被冲刷掉。
More often than not, some basic maintenance and repairs are all that's needed to get an existing tunnel running at its full potential.
因此，日常我们只需要做一些最基本的维护和保养措施，就能让隧道通风模式发挥最大潜力。
猪场养人，人养设备，设备养猪是规模化猪场的养殖方式。要想高效化，好的设备是前提，好的设备维护和保养是关键！夏季已经来临，天气炎热，各猪场一定要做好舍内降温工作，保证猪群在健康舒适的环境中生长。水帘降温，是目前市场上规模化猪场使用十分普及的一种方式。那么，猪场在使用水帘时，我们又该如何维护和保养水帘系统呢？下期Hog Slat将会继续从专家的角度为您带来经验分享。